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Adafactor: Adaptive Learning Rates with Sublinear Memory Cost

作者: Noam Shazeer, Mitchell Stern (2018)

arXiv: 1804.04235

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TLDR(中文)

把 Adam 的二阶动量矩阵做低秩分解,优化器状态从 O(mn) 降到 O(m+n),几乎不损失收敛质量。T5 用它训练;是显存紧张场景下替代 Adam 的经典方案,也预示了「优化器状态必须为大模型而瘦身」这条线。

TLDR (English)

Factorizes the second-moment matrix of Adam into low-rank terms, cutting optimizer state memory from O(mn) to O(m+n) with little loss in convergence. Used to train T5; a classic memory-conscious alternative to Adam and an early hint that optimizer states must slim down for large models.

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